Reimbursed Care Access in Viet Nam

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. The Government’s Decree No. 57/2022/ND-CP (Lists of narcotics and precursors) provides the up-to-date national lists used to control narcotics and places hallucinogenic substances on restrictive lists; public reporting and local health authorities in Vietnam treat psilocybin/psilocin as banned substances. #

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. MDMA/ecstasy and related substituted amphetamines are treated as illicit narcotics under Vietnamese drug control laws and are not available for routine medical prescription outside authorised research. #

Vietnamese regulators have recently singled out esketamine for tightened control while coordinating management of any importation/marketing. Decree No. 57/2022/ND-CP places ketamine and related psychotropic substances on controlled lists, and reporting from the Ministry of Health and enforcement agencies shows active steps to restrict circulation and to require strict import/export and inventory controls for esketamine-containing products (with specific Ministry of Health communications referenced regarding monitoring and regulation). #.

Regulatory bodies and controls: The Ministry of Health (Bộ Y tế) together with the Ministry of Public Security have been named in public directives asking health agencies, hospitals and pharmaceutical businesses to strengthen inspection and monitoring for drug raw materials and finished products containing esketamine; importation and distribution are subject to special procedures and close oversight. A Vietnamese Ministry of Health document referenced in media (No. 366/BYT-QLD) and public reporting indicate the Ministries are coordinating to add esketamine to the list of drugs requiring special control and to monitor Spravato/other esketamine products. #

Reimbursement / access: As of the regulatory directives and reporting, esketamine (Spravato) is not presented in any publicly available national reimbursement lists and importation/marketing is being tightly controlled pending regulatory decisions; any compassionate/clinical use or import would be subject to permit/approval by competent authorities and close monitoring. For practical purposes, access is limited and managed as a controlled medicinal import rather than a broadly reimbursed outpatient therapy. #

Ketamine (the racemate) is explicitly listed in Vietnam’s narcotics schedules but is an established and permitted medical anaesthetic/analgesic used in hospitals and included on national drug reimbursement lists for hospital use. Decree No. 57/2022/ND-CP lists ketamine among substances in Schedule III (controlled but permitted in healthcare and veterinary contexts under regulation). #

Insurance / reimbursement: Ketamine (Ketamin) appears on official BHYT / national health insurance medication lists and is included in hospital drug formularies and reimbursement guidance for use as an anaesthetic/analgesic (it is listed among injectable anaesthetic agents that health insurance will cover in hospital settings). This means ketamine is accessible in public and private hospitals for approved medical indications (chiefly anaesthesia, analgesia) and may be paid for under Vietnam’s health insurance schemes within the rules governing inpatient and procedural drugs. # #

Practical notes and restrictions: Because ketamine is a controlled psychotropic, its procurement, storage, dispensing and clinical use in Vietnam are regulated by the Ministry of Health and security agencies; off-label psychiatric use (e.g., repeated subanaesthetic infusions for depression) would be subject to hospital policy and payer rules and is not the same as a licensed, reimbursed psychiatric indication unless specifically included in treatment guidance and insurance formularies.

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. Tryptamine compounds including DMT are controlled under Vietnam’s narcotics lists and are not available for clinical/medical prescribing outside permitted research. #

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. 5‑MeO‑DMT and related novel tryptamines are treated as illicit/controlled and would only be available under tightly regulated research permissions. #

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. There is no recognised legal medical framework for ibogaine in Vietnam and any clinical research would require explicit permits from competent authorities. #

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. Preparations containing DMT (e.g., ayahuasca brews) fall under the same prohibitions as DMT and are not legally available for medicinal or spiritual use outside of sanctioned research. #

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. Mescaline and mescaline‑containing cacti are controlled; possession, trafficking or unapproved use risks criminal penalties under Vietnamese narcotics law and implementing decrees. #

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. Substituted phenethylamines (2C family and related designer phenethylamines) are subject to prohibition and enforcement actions in Vietnam under the national scheduling framework. #