Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba

Reimbursed Care Access

Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (the Caribbean Netherlands / 'BES' public bodies) are subject to the Opiumwet 1960 BES framework which places classical serotonergic psychedelics and many designer psychedelics under strict control; possession, trade and non‑authorised use are criminal offences. Medicinal ketamine is available for recognised medical indications (principally as an anaesthetic) and esketamine (Spravato®) has been included in the Dutch basic reimbursement pathway for treatment‑resistant depression (with national reimbursement arrangements determined by the Netherlands’ insurers and Ministry processes that also extend to the BES legal framework). Law enforcement and customs activity on the islands applies the Opiumwet BES. [https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/rapporten/2023/11/13/tk-advies-bonaire-wijziging-van-de-opiumwet-1960-bes|Rijksoverheid - Advies Bonaire (Opiumwet 1960 BES)], [https://www.zorginstituutnederland.nl/documenten/2020/09/30/pakketadvies-esketamine|Zorginstituut Nederland - Pakketadvies Esketamine].